Product Name: N-Propyltrichlorosilane
Chemical Formula: C3H7SiCl3
SDS Number: 201
CAS Number: 14108-34-6
Synonyms: 1-Propyltrichlorosilane, Trichloro(n-propyl)silane
Manufacturer: Provided by leading chemical suppliers globally
Recommended Use: Used as a chemical intermediate, laboratory chemical, and in surface modification processes
Emergency Contact: Refer to company emergency support or National Poison Control Center
Classification: Flammable liquids (Category 3), Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 1B), Serious eye damage/eye irritation (Category 1), Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3), Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3, Respiratory tract irritation)
Label Elements: Pictograms: Corrosion, Flame, Exclamation mark, Skull and Crossbones
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, flammable liquid and vapor, may cause respiratory irritation, harmful if swallowed, toxic if inhaled
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye/face protection, avoid breathing vapors, keep away from heat/sparks/open flame/hot surfaces, wash thoroughly after handling
Other Hazards: Reacts violently with water releasing toxic gases
Chemical Identity: N-Propyltrichlorosilane
CAS Number: 14108-34-6
EC Number: 238-945-2
Purity: Greater than 98%
Impurities: Trace amounts of related silanes, hydrochloric acid
Hazardous Components: Trichlorosilane component, highly reactive chlorosilane functional group
Inhalation: Move affected person into fresh air; keep at rest. Seek immediate medical attention. Give oxygen if breathing is difficult. Avoid mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to prevent secondary exposure.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for a minimum of 15 minutes. Seek emergency medical help quickly. Do not delay transport.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing. Obtain specialist medical assessment as vision loss or serious damage can occur.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water only if victim is alert. Never induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical help as rapid hydrolysis in the stomach can release hydrochloric acid.
Note to Physician: Treat as corrosive chemical exposure, with airway management and supportive measures. Watch for delayed respiratory complications.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use water as a direct extinguishing stream, since violent reaction may occur.
Specific Hazards: Can form toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride on combustion or heating. Vapors are heavier than air, can form explosive mixtures with air.
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing.
Advice for Firefighters: Keep people far from the scene. Control runoff from fire control or dilution water to prevent environmental contamination.
Explosion Data: Vapors can travel significant distance and backflash.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Ventilate area. Avoid inhalation, skin, and eye contact. Use chemical splash goggles, face shield, gloves, and respirator.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering surface waters, drains, or soil. Notify relevant authorities if product enters the environment.
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb spills with inert dry material (sand, vermiculite). Do not use water for cleanup. Place in chemical waste container for proper disposal. Wash area with non-aqueous cleaner.
Decontamination: Neutralize remainder with a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sand. Ensure complete removal to avoid delayed hazardous effects.
Handling: Use only in a well-ventilated chemical fume hood. Prevent contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Take precautions against static discharge. Avoid release to the environment.
Storage: Store tightly closed in original container under dry, inert atmosphere (nitrogen or argon), away from water, humidity, and incompatible substances such as bases and alcohols. Keep away from ignition sources. Store below 30°C. Segregate from strong oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, and foodstuffs.
Transport Precautions: Use corrosion-resistant secondary containment. Never stack with highly incompatible chemicals.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific exposure limit assigned for N-Propyltrichlorosilane; treat as chlorosilane with recommended exposure control at lowest feasible level.
Engineering Controls: Use in fume hood or local exhaust ventilation.
Personal Protection: Use chemical-resistant gloves (butyl rubber, Viton), splash-proof goggles, full face shield, and impervious protective clothing. Respiratory protection required for vapor or aerosol exposure (use NIOSH-approved full facepiece respirator with acid gas cartridges). Emergency eyewash and safety shower required.
Hygiene Measures: Change contaminated clothing immediately. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Monitoring: Regular air monitoring for hydrochloric acid and vapor concentrations.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Sharp, acrid, hydrochloric acid-like
Molecular Weight: 179.54 g/mol
Melting Point: Data not widely available; typically below -50°C
Boiling Point: 123–125°C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point: 39°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 13 mmHg at 25°C
Density: 1.109 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Reacts vigorously with water and alcohols; not soluble in water
Viscosity: Data not widely published
Auto-Ignition Temperature: No reliable data published
Explosive Properties: Not classified as explosive, but forms flammable vapor/air mixtures
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, siloxanes, and chlorinated organics on hydrolysis
Chemical Stability: Stable under proper dry, inert atmosphere. Quickly hydrolyzes with water or moisture in air.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, water, humidity, open flames, static discharge, heat, incompatible material exposure.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, water, alcohols, acids, bases, amines, moist air.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrochloric acid vapors, siloxanes.
Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion.
Acute Toxicity: Oral (rat) LD50: 360 mg/kg, inhalation (rat) LC50: 200 ppm (vapor, 1 h). Toxic if inhaled; harmful if swallowed.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns.
Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation: Causes serious eye damage, possible blindness.
Respiratory Sensitization: Not classified; severe irritant.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis, respiratory tract damage.
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity/Reproductive Toxicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA as carcinogen. Data limited.
Symptoms: Burning eyes, skin redness/blistering, cough, breathing difficulty, sore throat.
Ecotoxicity: Rapidly hydrolyzes in water to release hydrochloric acid, which is toxic to aquatic organisms. Low to moderate acute aquatic hazard expected for hydrolysis products.
Persistence and Degradability: Not expected to persist in the environment. Hydrolysis and neutralization occur rapidly.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Not significant, since compound degrades quickly.
Mobility in Soil: High mobility expected for hydrolysis products (hydrochloric acid). Parent compound binds to soil then hydrolyzes.
Other Adverse Effects: Spillage can cause localized acidification and silicate contamination.
Waste Treatment: Treat as hazardous waste. Neutralize cautiously with alkali under controlled conditions. Avoid direct discharge.
Disposal Method: Dispose through licensed hazardous waste contractor using chemical incineration or other approved method.
Container Disposal: Triple-rinse empty containers with a suitable solvent (not water) before disposal. Do not reuse containers.
Special Precautions: Comply with local, state, and federal regulations. Avoid release to the environment.
UN Number: 2987
Proper Shipping Name: Trichlorosilane, n-propyl-trichlorosilane
Hazard Class: 4.3 (Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases), 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: I (Great Danger)
Labels: Flammable Liquid, Corrosive
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as marine pollutant, but prevent discharge to sea
Transport Special Precautions: Keep dry during transport. Store/handle in corrosion-resistant containers.
Regulatory Transport Codes: Refer to IMDG, IATA, and DOT for specific requirements.
OSHA: Classified as hazardous according to OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.
TSCA: Listed on the United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory.
EPA: Not regulated as a hazardous air pollutant, report under SARA 311/312 (Acute Health, Fire, Reactivity).
EU (REACH): Registered; subject to regulation as hazardous. Follows Classification, Labelling and Packaging Regulation (CLP) standards.
Canada (DSL/NDSL): Listed on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL).
Warning Symbols: GHS02, GHS05, GHS06, GHS07.
Other Requirements: Maintain workplace chemical inventory, chemical hygiene plan, employee training, and emergency response protocols in accordance with relevant regulations.
